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Did you set the correct block size for your disk? Especially modern SSDs like to pretend they have 512B sectors for some compatibility reason, while the hardware can only do 4k sectors. Make sure to set ashift=12.
Proxmox also uses a very small volblocksize by default. This mostly applies to RAIDz, but try using a higher value like 64k. (Default on Proxmox is 8k or 16k on newer versions)
https://discourse.practicalzfs.com/t/psa-raidz2-proxmox-efficiency-performance/1694
Don't use btrfs if you need RAID 5 or 6.
The RAID56 feature provides striping and parity over several devices, same as the traditional RAID5/6. There are some implementation and design deficiencies that make it unreliable for some corner cases and the feature should not be used in production, only for evaluation or testing. The power failure safety for metadata with RAID56 is not 100%.
https://btrfs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/btrfs-man5.html#raid56-status-and-recommended-practices
You shouldn't have abysmal performance with ZFS. Something must be up.
What's up is ZFS. It is solid but the architecture is very dated at this point.
There are about a hundred different settings I could try to change but at some point it is easier to go btrfs where it works out of the box.
Since most people with decently simple setups don't have the described problem likely somethings up with your setup.
Yes ifta old and yes it's complicated but it doesn't have to be to get a decent performance.
One day I had a power outage and I wasn't able to mount the btrfs system disk anymore. I could mount it in another Linux but I wasn't able to boot from it anymore. I was very pissed, lost a whole day of work
ACID go brrr
A bit of topic; am I the only one that pronounces it "butterface"?
Not anymore.
You son of a bitch, I'm in.
Ah feck. Not any more.
I've been using single-disk btrfs for my rootfs on every system for almost a decade. Great for snapshots while still being an in-tree driver. I also like being able to use subvolumes to treat / and /home (maybe others) similar to separate filesystems without actually being different partitions.
I had used it for my NAS array too, with btrfs raid1 (on top of luks), but migrated that over to ZFS a couple years ago because I wanted to get more usable storage space for the same money. btrfs raid5 is widely reported to be flawed and seemed to be in purgatory of never being fixed, so I moved to raidz1 instead.
One thing I miss is heterogenous arrays: with btrfs I can gradually upgrade my storage one disk at a time (without rewriting the filesystem) and it uses all of my space. For example, two 12TB drives, two 8TB drives, and one 4TB drive adds up to 44TB and raid1 cuts that in half to 22TB effective space. ZFS doesn't do that. Before I could migrate to ZFS I had to commit to buying a bunch of new drives (5x12TB not counting the backup array) so that every drive is the same size and I felt confident it would be enough space to last me a long time since growing it after the fact is a burden.
With version 2.3 (currently in RC), ZFS will at least support RAIDZ expansion. That should already help a lot for a NAS usecase.
Btrfs Raid 10 reportedly is stable
One time I had a power outage and one of the btrfs hds (not in a raid) couldn't be read anymore after reboot. Even with help from the (official) btrfs mailinglist It was impossible to repair the file system. After a lot of low level tinkering I was able to retrieve the files, but the file system itself was absolutely broken, no repair process was possible. I since switched to zfs, the emergency options are much more capable.
Was that less than 2 years ago? Were you using kernel 5.15 or newer?
No reason not to. Old reputations die hard, but it's been many many years since I've had an issue.
I like also that btrfs is a lot more flexible than ZFS which is pretty strict about the size and number of disks, whereas you can upgrade a btrfs array ad hoc.
I'll add to avoid RAID5/6 as that is still not considered safe, but you mentioned RAID1 which has no issues.
I've been vaguely planning on using btrfs in raid5 for my next storage upgrade. Is it really so bad?
Check status here. It looks like it may be a little better than the past, but I'm not sure I'd trust it.
An alternative approach I use is mergerfs + snapraid + snapraid-btrfs. This isn't the best idea for a system drive, but if it's something like a NAS it works well and snapraid-btrfs doesn't have the write hole issues that normal snapraid does since it operates on r/o snapshots instead of raw data.
Not proxmox-specific, but I've been using btrfs on my servers and laptops for the past 6 years with zero issues. The only times it's bugged out is due to bad hardware, and having the filesystem shouting at me to make me aware of that was fantastic.
The only place I don't use zfs is for my nas data drives (since I want raidz2, and btrfs raid5 is hella shady) but the nas rootfs is btrfs.
If it didn't give you problems, go for it. I've run it for years and never had issues either.
Meh. I run proxmox and other boot drives on ext4, data drives on xfs. I don't have any need for additional features in btrfs. Shrinking would be nice, so maybe someday I'll use ext4 for data too.
I started with zfs instead of RAID, but I found I spent way too much time trying to manage RAM and tuning it, whereas I could just configure RAID 10 once and be done with it. The performance differences are insignificant, since most of the work it does happens in the background.
You can benchmark them if you care about performance. You can find plenty of discussion by googling "ext vs xfs vs btrfs" or whichever ones you're considering. They haven't changed that much in the past few years.
Proxmox only supports btrfs or ZFS
Or at least that's what I thought
but I found I spent way too much time trying to manage RAM and tuning it,
I spent none, and it works fine. what was you're issue?
I have four 6tb data drives and 32gb of RAM. When I set them up with zfs, it claimed quite a few gb of RAM for its cache. I tried allocating some of the other NVMe drive as cache, and tried to reduce RAM usage to reasonable levels, but like I said, I found that I was spending a lot of time fiddling instead of just configuring RAID and have it running just fine in much less time.
I run it now because I wanted to try it. I haven't had any issues. A friend recommended it as a stable option.
Using it here. Love the flexibility and features.
Used it in development environment, well I didn't need the snapshot feature and it didn't have a straightforward swap setup, it lead to performance issues because of frequent writes to swap.
Not a big issue but annoyed me a bit.
Btrfs only has issues with raid 5. Works well for raid 1 and 0. No reason to change if it works for you
It is stable with raid 0,1 and 10.
Raid 5 and 6 are dangerous
Do you rely on snapshotting and journaling? If so backup your snapshots.
Why?
I already take backups but I'm curious if you have had any serious issues
The question is how do you get a bad performance with ZFS?
I just tried to read a large file and it gave me uncached 280 MB/s from two mirrored HDDs.
The fourth run (obviously cached) gave me over 3.8 GB/s.
I have never heard of anyone getting those speeds without dedicated high end hardware
Also the write will always be your bottleneck.
This is an old PC (Intel i7 3770K) with 2 HDDs (16 TB) attached to onboard SATA3 controller, 16 GB RAM and 1 SSD (120 GB). Nothing special. And it's quite busy because it's my home server with a VM and containers.
I'm seeing very similar speeds on my two-HDD RAID1. The computer has an AMD 8500G CPU but the load from ZFS is minimal. Reading / writing a 50GB /dev/urandom file (larger than the cache) gives me:
What's your setup?
Maybe I am CPU bottlenecked. I have a mix of i5-8500 and i7-6700k
The drives are a mix but I get almost the same performance across machines
It's possible, but you should be able to see it quite easily. In my case, the CPU utilization was very low, so the same test should also not be CPU-bottlenecked on your system.
I have similar speeds on a truenas that I installed on a simple i3 8100
How much ram and what is the drive size?
I suspect this also could be an issue with SSDs. I have seen a lot a posts around describing similar performance on SSDs.
64 gb of ecc ram (48gb cache used by zfs) with 2tb drives (3 of them)