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Marcuse critiques the concept of tolerance in liberal societies, arguing that it can be used to maintain existing power structures and suppress radical change. He calls for a more discriminating form of tolerance that favors progressive movements.

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Howdy! I'm new here and was hoping someone might have some insight to a question I've been thinking about for a while:

If I saved up my money and bought a tractor, would it be permissible/ethical to charge others to use it when I didn't need it?

This seems awfully similar to owning the means of production. What if I instead offered to plow their fields for them instead, driving the tractor myself and negotiating fair compensation in exchange?

Sorry if this is basic stuff I'm still learning. 🙏

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Classical labor-values measure strictly technical costs of production, whereas natural prices measure social costs of production.

Total labor cost addresses this problem by distinguishing between technical and total labor costs. Technical labor cost corresponds to the classical concept and total labor cost includes additional real costs of production incurred in virtue of non-technical, or social, conditions of production, such as production financed by a capitalist class.

This distinction separates theoretical concerns that are conflated in the classical theory. For instance, labor-values apply to distribution-independent questions about an economy, such as the productivity of labor over time or the quantity of “surplus labor” supplied by workers to capitalists, whereas total labor-values apply to distribution-dependent questions, such as the relationship between nominal prices and the actual labor time required to produce commodities.

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I see many self-identified socialists imply that, in a socialist society, people would constantly be doing different jobs and would split their labour between many different jobs rather than specialize. It definitely makes sense when it comes to jobs that don't require too much specialization, but how does this work with highly specific jobs that require a disproportionately high amount of resources to become skilled in? Would they spend more time on a specialization, would they frequently rotate the same as everyone else?

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Socialism

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