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this post was submitted on 30 Apr 2024
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You misunderstand. Two cameras can infer distance, they do not and cannot measure it.
Two cameras can produce more accurate and reliable distance results than one. But they still cannot measure distance only infer it.
For certain lighting conditions this can be very reliable like 3D scanners. But cars operate in a staggering range of lighting conditions, with a large variety of environments and materials.
They absolutely can calculate distance as it's the same principle that allows us to measure the distance of distant planets and galaxies using parallax and trigonometry. Furthermore, if you're in conditions where cameras can't see anything, then your car shouldn't even be on the road as your eyes certainly won't be able to see anything. Cameras aren't limited to visible light frequencies like the human eye and my security cameras, for example, can see very clearly in pitch black, low light, or bright light conditions.
You misunderstand. I never said they can calculate distance. They just don't measure it, it's inferred. Inferring results in unreliable estimates. The unreliability of which is not accounted for appropriately in camera based autonomy systems.
It's not an issue in astronomy. Because people can examine the results further and discount any clearly incorrect distance calculations.
It's not just about not seeing anything. Outdoors is one of the most variable and challenging lighting conditions for most systems. Too much light, shadows, etc.
You only need one frequency of light for camera based distance measurements. They require features rather than a specific light.
Your security camera does not operate in pitch black. It has infra red lights that illuminated the scene, you just can see it. Your security cameras are subject to problems in both high and low light conditions. It can make adjustments throughout the day to compensate for changing light. However it doesn't make it measure distance.
Cameras are (generally) passive systems. They do not send out light and analyze the returns. They just absorb light and reconstruct a scene.
Radar systems are active. They send out pulses or continuous waves of EM energy at different frequencies than light (much lower) and analyze the returns. They do not need existing light to do their jobs because they're sending out and receiving their own specific emissions. Because they run at lower frequencies than light, they are able to "see" through certain weather phenomena like fog and are relatively unfazed by darkness.
That all being said, you can measure things passively and actively. Radar is pretty damn good at measuring distances, as that's the entire reason behind its invention. I'd say its much more reliable and accurate compared to optical systems.