Technology

Bobiverse series has a lot of similar themes as well minus the aliens. I really do think it's going to be a race between us annihilating ourselves and moving off the biological substrate. I'm not convinced that something like mind transfer from a biological brain to an artificial one will ever be possible, but I would treat artificial intelligence that operates on similar principles to our minds to be a branch of humanity.

I do think post biological existence opens up a lot of possibilities. For one, you're no longer restricted to gravity wells. These are appealing to us because we evolved to thrive in this environment. However, an artificial platform could be designed for existence in space from ground up. You have plentiful energy from the sun, and you can mine any resources you want from the asteroids. There would be very little reason to bother going down to planets at that point. Earth could be preserved as just a living biosphere with all the technological civilization moving off of it.