4
The 1980s Supreme Court Case That Made It Almost Impossible to Hold Police Accountable
(ballsandstrikes.org)
And, as it turns out, the statute has a major typo: an entire sentence was inexplicably left out.
https://masslawyersweekly.com/2023/05/12/lost-text-of-%C2%A71983-a-game-changer-lawyer-says/